Determining Urban Freight Terminal Location Using the Gravity Location Model and Analytical Hierarchy Process

Muhamad Sumargono; Sri Sarjana; Nurma Rubby Susilowati

doi:10.35166/jipm.v9i2.194

Authors

Muhamad Sumargono Politeknik Transportasi Darat Indonesia - STTD
Sri Sarjana Politeknik Transportasi Darat Indonesia - STTD
Nurma Rubby Susilowati Politeknik Transportasi Darat Indonesia - STTD

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.35166/jipm.v9i2.194

Keywords:

Analytical Hierarchy Process, Gravity Location Model, Urban Freight Terminal

Abstract

Urban freight activity in Singkawang City has increased alongside its role as a regional trade and transit hub in West Kalimantan. However, the absence of a dedicated freight terminal requires heavy freight vehicles to conduct parking and loading and unloading activities on public roads, reducing effective road capacity and disrupting urban logistics. This study determines an optimal freight terminal location by sequentially integrating the Gravity Location Model (GLM) and Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) within the STEEP framework. GLM was applied to three freight-distribution scenarios involving 19 major freight-generating firms to identify spatially efficient candidates. AHP then evaluated three GLM-derived locations and one alternative designated in the Regional Spatial Plan (RTRW), based on assessments by five multi-institutional experts. GLM identified Sijangkung, Sanggau Kulor, and Pasiran, whereas AHP selected Sedau as the preferred location with a priority weight of 0.456, followed by Sanggau Kulor (0.233), Pasiran (0.168), and Sijangkung (0.143). Political criteria received the highest weight (30.7%), followed by Economic (24.6%) and Technical (23.1%). A preliminary 30,000 m² terminal plan allocates 11,351.20 m² to facilities, 6,810.72 m² to circulation, and 11,838.08 m² to green space and future expansion.

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